Springs of Western Civilization

A prolific and versatile scholar, Arieti (classics, Hampden-Sydney College) here focuses his analytical lens on the parallel phenomena of the classical and biblical traditions that inform the basis of Western civilization. Using a binary comparative approach, Arieti anatomizes common themes in both biblical and classical literature, adducing a panoply of value-laden paradigms of experience—among them fratricide, talking animals, rainbows—characteristic of both the classical and Hebraic cultures to illustrate some fundamental differences between the two, for example rational calculation versus precipitate intuition. Addressing the literary and cultural evidence in the period from roughly 300 BCE to 300 CE, the author underscores the consistency of each tradition in asserting its basic value system and methodology and simultaneously generating and absorbing elements from the larger context of the Hellenistic philosophical and religious environment. Thus, rabbinical exegesis and commentary clearly reflect the influence of Hellenistic philosophical modalities. Citing differences as well as similarities, Arieti posits that a confluence of these traditions resulted in the emergence of a specific worldview incorporating the emergence of what is termed Mentshlekhkeyt—reflecting a humane kindness and a “heart aglow with love" (to quote from chapter 6). Superbly documented and researched, this volume makes a significant contribution to interdisciplinary scholarship. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates; graduate students.