Business Statistics of the United States 2016

CONTENTS Preface Article—“Cycle and Growth Perspectives” Article—“The U.S. Economy 1929-1948” Figure A-2: Employment, 1929-1948 Figure A-3: Unemployment Rates, 1929-1948 Figure A-4: Per Capita Real Output and Consumption, 1929-1948 Figure A-5: Inflation and Nominal and Real Interest Rates, 1929-1948 Figure A-6: Money and Credit Growth, 1930-1948 Article—“The Great Recession 2007–2009 and Recovery 2010–2015” General Notes PART A: THE U.S. ECONOMY CHAPTER 1: NATIONAL INCOME AND PRODUCT Section 1a: Gross Domestic Product: Values, Quantities, and Prices Figure 1-1: Output Per Capita Tables 1-1A: Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-1B: Gross Domestic Product: Historical 1-2A: Real Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-2B: Real Gross Domestic Product: Historical 1-3A: U.S. Population and Per Capita Product and Income: Recent Data 1-3B: U.S. Population and Per Capita Product and Income: Historical 1-4A: Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product: Recent Data 1-4B: Contributions to Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product: Historical 1-5A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Recent Data 1-5B: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Historical 1-6A: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Recent Data 1-6B: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Domestic Product and Domestic Purchases: Historical 1-7: Final Sales Figure 1-2: Private Nonfarm Inventory-Sales Ratios 1-8A: Inventory Change and Inventory-Sales Ratios: Recent Data 1-8B: Inventory Change and Inventory-Sales Ratios: Historical Figure 1-3: Shares of Aggregate Final Demand 1-9: Shares of Aggregate Supply 1-10: Shares of Aggregate Final Demand Section 1b: Income and Value Added Figure 1-4: Shares of Income Tables 1-11: Relation of Gross Domestic Product, Gross and Net National Product, National Income, and Personal Income 1-12: Gross Domestic Income by Type of Income 1-13A: National Income by Type of Income: Recent Data 1-13B: National Income by Type of Income: Historical 1-14: Gross and Net Value Added of Domestic Corporate Business 1-15: Gross Value Added of Nonfinancial Domestic Corporate Business in Current and Chained Dollars 1-16: Shares of Income Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION Figure 2-1: Capacity Utilization: Total Manufacturing and High-Tech Industries Tables 2-1: Industrial Production Indexes by Market Groups 2-2: Industrial Production Indexes by NAICS Industry Groups 2-3: Capacity Utilization by NAICS Industry Groups 2-4A: Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization: Historical Data, 1947–2008 2-4B: Industrial Production: Historical Data, 1919–1947 Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 3: INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY Section 3a: Household and Family Income Figure 3-1: Median and Mean Household Income Tables 3-1: Median and Mean Household Income and Median Earnings 3-2: Median Family income by Type of Family 3-3: Shares of Aggregate Income Received by Each Fifth and Top 5 Percent of Households 3-4: Shares of Aggregate Income Received by Each Fifth and Top 5 Percent of Families Section 3b: Poverty Figure 3-2: Poverty Rates: Total, Children, and Seniors Tables 3-5: Weighted Average Poverty Thresholds by Family Size 3-6: Poverty Status of People by Race and Hispanic Origin 3-7: Poverty Status of Families by Type of Family 3-8: Poverty Status of People by Sex and Age 3-9: Working-Age Poor People by Work Experience Section 3c: Alternative Measures of Income and Poverty Figure 3-3: Poverty Rates, Official, Experimental, and SPM Tables 3-10: Median Income and Poverty Rates by Race and Hispanic Origin Using 3-Year Moving Averages 3-11: Number and Percent of People in Poverty Using the Supplemental Poverty Measure 2011–2014, and Comparison With Official Measures in 3-12: Official and Experimental Poverty Rates and Supplemental Poverty Measure Section 3d: Health Insurance Coverage Figure 3-4: Percent of People without Health Insurance, 1987–2014 3-13: Health Insurance Coverage 3-14: Number of People by Type of Health Insurance by Selected Demographics, 2013 and 2014 3-14B: Number of People by Type of Health Insurance by Selected Demographics Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 4: CONSUMER INCOME AND SPENDING Figure 4-1: Personal Saving Rate Tables 4-1A: Personal Income and Its Disposition: Recent Data 4-1B: Personal Income and Its Disposition: Historical 4-2: Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product 4-3: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product 4-4: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Personal Consumption Expenditures by Major Type of Product Figure 4-2: Personal Consumption Expenditures by Type of Expenditure 4-5: Household Consumption Expenditures by Function CHAPTER 5: SAVING AND INVESTMENT Figure 5-1: National Saving, Investment, and Borrowing Tables 5-1A: Saving and Investment: Recent Data 5-1B: Saving and Investment: Historical 5-2: Gross Private Fixed Investment by Type 5-3: Real Gross Private Fixed Investment by Type Figure 5-2: Real Private Fixed Investment by Major Type 5-4: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Private Fixed Investment by Type 5-5A: Current-Cost Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Recent Data 5-5B: Current-Cost Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Historical 5-6A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Recent Data 5-6B: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Net Stock of Fixed Assets: Historical 5-7: Capital Expenditures 5-8: Capital Expenditures for Structures and Equipment for Companies with Employees by Major Industry Sector Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 6: GOVERNMENT Section 6a: Federal Government in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 6-1: Federal Government Saving and Dis-saving Tables 6-1: Federal Government Current Receipts and Expenditures 6-2: Federal Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-3: Federal Government Defense and Nondefense Consumption Expenditures by Type 6-4: National Defense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment: Selected Detail 6-5: Federal Government Output, Lending and Borrowing, and Net Investment 6-6: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Federal Government Defense and Nondefense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-7: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for National Defense Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment: Selected Detail Section 6b: State and Local Government in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 6-2: State and Local Government Current Receipts and Expenditures Tables 6-8: State and Local Government Current Receipts and Expenditures 6-9: State and Local Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-10: State and Local Government Output, Lending and Borrowing, and Net Investment 6-11: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for State and Local Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment 6-12: State Government Current Receipts and Expenditures 6-13: Local Government Current Receipts and Expenditures Section 6c: Federal Government Budget Accounts Figure 6-3: Federal Debt as a Percent of GDP Tables 6-14A: Federal Government Receipts and Outlays by Fiscal Year 6-14B: The Federal Budget and GDP 6-15: Federal Government Debt by Fiscal Year Section 6d: Government Output and Employment Figure 6-4: Government Employment Tables 6-16: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Government Output 6-17: Government Employment Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 7: U.S. FOREIGN TRADE AND FINANCE Section 7a: Foreign Transactions in the National Income and Product Accounts Figure 7-1: Receipts, Payments, and Balance on Current Account Tables 7-1: Foreign Transactions in the National Income and Product Accounts 7-2: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-3: Chain-Type Price Indexes for Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-4: Exports and Imports of Selected NIPA Types of Product 7-5: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Exports and Imports of Selected NIPA Types of Product Section 7b: U.S. International Transactions Accounts Figure 7-2: Balance on Current Account and Financial Inflows and Outflows Tables 7-6A: U.S. International Transactions: Recent Data 7-6B: U.S. International Transactions: Historical Quarterly 7-7: Foreigners’ Transactions in Long-Term Securities with U.S. Residents 7-8: International Investment Position of the United States Section 7c: Exports and Imports Figure 7-3: Foreign Trade Balances on Goods and Services Tables 7-9: U.S. Exports and Imports of Goods and Services 7-10: U.S. Exports of Goods by End-Use and Advanced Technology Categories 7-11: U.S. Imports of Goods by End-Use and Advanced Technology Categories 7-12: U.S. Exports and Imports of Goods by Principal End-Use Category in Constant Dollars 7-13: U.S. Exports of Goods by Selected Regions and Countries 7-14: U.S. Imports of Goods by Selected Regions and Countries 7-15A: U.S. Exports of Services: Recent Data 7-15B: U.S. Exports of Services: Historical 7-16A: U.S. Imports of Services: Recent Data 7-16B: U.S. Imports of Services: Historical 7-17: U.S. Export and Import Price Indexes by End-Use Category Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 8: PRICES Figure 8-1: Inflation Indicators Tables 8-1A: Summary Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Recent Data 8-1B: Summary Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Historical, 1947 to Date 8-1C: Consumer and Producer Price Indexes: Historical, 1913–1949 Figure 8-2: Consumer Prices: All Items, Medical Care, and Apparel 8-2: Consumer Price Indexes and Purchasing Power of the Dollar 8-3: Alternative Measures of Total and Core Consumer Prices: Index Levels 8-4: Alternative Measures of Total and Core Consumer Prices: Inflation Rates 8-5: Producer Price Indexes for Goods and Services: Final Demand 8-6: Producer Price Indexes for Goods and Services: Intermediate Demand 8-7: Producer Price Indexes for Goods by Major Commodity Groups Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 9: EMPLOYMENT COSTS, PRODUCTIVITY, AND PROFITS Section 9a: Employment Cost Indexes Figure 9-1: Changes in Wages and Salaries and in Benefit Costs, Private Nonfarm Industry Tables 9-1: Employment Cost Indexes, NAICS Basis 9-2: Employment Cost Indexes, SIC Basis Section 9b: Productivity and Related Data Figure 9-2: Change in Labor Productivity, Nonfarm Business Table 9-3A: Productivity and Related Data: Recent Data 9-3B: Productivity and Related Data: Historical Section 9c: Returns and Profits by Industry Figure 9-3: Rates of Return, Nonfinancial Industry Groups Tables 9-4: Corporate Profits with Inventory Valuation Adjustment by Industry Group Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 10: EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNINGS Section 10a: Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment from the Current Population Survey Figure 10-1: Labor Force Participation Rate and Employment/Population Ratio Tables 10-1A: Summary Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment: Recent Data 10-1B: Unemployment Rate Estimates, 1890–1929 10-1C: Summary Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment: Historical 10-2: Labor Force and Employment by Major Age and Sex Groups 10-3: Employment by Type of Job Figure 10-2: Unemployment Rate 10-4: Unemployment by Demographic Group 10-5: Unemployment Rates and Related Data 10-6: Labor Force and Employment Estimates Smoothed for Population Adjustments 10-7: Insured Unemployment Section 10b: Payroll Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Current Employment Statistics Survey Figure 10-3: Total Nonfarm Payroll Employment Tables 10-8A: Nonfarm Payroll Employment by NAICS Supersector: Recent Data 10-8B: Nonfarm Payroll Employment by NAICS Supersector: Historical Annual 10-9: Employment, Hours, and Earnings, Total Nonfarm and Manufacturing, Historical Annual and Monthly Figure 10-4: Average Weekly Hours of All Employees, Monthly 10-10: Average Weekly Hours of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-11: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-12: Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-13: Average Weekly Earnings of All Employees on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-14: Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-15: Average Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-16: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-17: Average Hourly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector 10-18: Average Weekly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by NAICS Supersector Section 10c: Other Significant Labor Market Data Figure 10-5: Average Hours Worked, Per Employed Person and Per Job 10-19: Hours at Work, Current Population Survey Figure 10-6: Real Median Weekly Earnings 10-20: Median Usual Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers 10-21: Employment by SIC Industry, Historical Annual Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 11: ENERGY Figure 11-1: Energy Consumption and Prices Tables 11-1: Energy Supply and Consumption 11-2: Energy Consumption per Dollar of Real Gross Domestic Product 11-3: Petroleum and Petroleum Products—Prices, Imports, Domestic Production, and Stocks Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 12: MONEY, INTEREST, ASSETS, LIABILITIES, AND ASSET PRICES Figure 12-1: Federal Funds Rate and 10-Year Treasury Securities Rate Tables 12-1A: Money Stock Measures and Components of M1: Recent Data 12-1B: Money Stock: Historical, 1929-1946 12-1C: Money Stock: Historical, January 1947-January 1959 12-1D: Money Stock, Reserves, and Monetary Base: Historical, from January 1959 12-2: Components of Non-M1 M2 12-3: Aggregate Reserves, Monetary Base, and FR Balance Sheet 12-4A: Commercial Banks: Bank Credit and Selected Liabilities: Recent Data 12-4B: Bank Credit and Other Credit Instruments: Historical Figure 12-2: Ratios of Household Debt Service and Financial Obligations to Disposable Personal Income 12-5: Household Assets, Liabilities, Net Worth, Financial Obligations, and Delinquency Rates 12-6: Mortgage Debt Outstanding 12-7: Consumer Credit 12-8: Summary Interest Rates, Bond Yields, and Stock Prices: Recent Data 12-9A: Summary Interest Rates, Bond Yields, and Stock Prices: Historical 12-9B: Selected Interest Rates Figure 12-3: S&P Stock Price Index and FHFA House Price Index 12-10: Selected Stock and Housing Market Data Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 13: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS Figure 13-1: Real GDP Per Capita, United States and 3 Other Countries Tables 13-1: International Comparisons: Growth Rates in Real Gross Domestic Product 13-2: International Comparisons: Real GDP Per Capita 13-3: International Comparisons: Real GDP Per Employed Person 13-4A: International Comparisons: Consumer Price Indexes 13-4B: International Comparisons: Harmonized Indexes of Consumer Prices 13-5: International Comparisons: Civilian Working Age Population 13-6: International Comparisons: Civilian Employment-Population Ratios 13-7: International Comparisons: Civilian Unemployment Rates Figure 13-2: International Value of the U.S. Dollar 13-8: Foreign Exchange Rates Notes and Definitions PART B: INDUSTRY PROFILES CHAPTER 14: PRODUCT AND INCOME BY INDUSTRY Figure 14-1: Growth Rates, Industry Groups and Selected Industries Tables 14-1A: Gross Domestic Product (Value Added) by Industry, New Series 14-1B: Gross Domestic Product (Value Added) by Industry, Old Series 14-2A: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Value Added by Industry, New Series 14-2B: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Value Added by Industry, Old Series 14-3: Gross Domestic Factor Income by Industry Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 15: EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARNINGS BY INDUSTRY Figure 15-1: Net New Nonfarm Payroll Jobs by Major Industry Group Tables 15-1: Nonfarm Employment by Sector and Industry 15-2: Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-3: Average Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-4: Average Hourly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-5: Average Weekly Earnings of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry 15-6: Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Hours of Production and Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonfarm Payrolls by Industry Notes and Definitions CHAPTER 16: KEY SECTOR STATISTICS Figure 16-1: Housing Starts Tables 16-1: New Construction Put in Place 16-2: Housing Starts and Building Permits; New House Sales and Prices 16-3: Manufacturers’ Shipments 16-4: Manufacturers’ Inventories 16-5: Manufacturers’ New Orders 16-6: Manufacturers’ Unfilled Orders, Durable Goods Industries 16-7: Motor Vehicle Sales and Inventories 16-8: Retail and Food Services Sales 16-9: Quarterly Retail Sales: Total and E-Commerce 16-10: Retail Inventories 16-11: Merchant Wholesalers—Sales and Inventories 16-12: Manufacturing and Trade Sales and Inventories 16-13: Real Manufacturing and Trade Sales and Inventories 16-14: Selected Services—Quarterly Estimated Revenue for Employer Firms Notes and Definitions INDEX